{"id":324,"date":"2010-09-16T14:57:52","date_gmt":"2010-09-16T14:57:52","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/lycee-lpayen.ac-reunion.fr\/?p=324"},"modified":"2015-12-14T19:32:04","modified_gmt":"2015-12-14T15:32:04","slug":"the-comparative-and-the-superlative","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/etab.ac-reunion.fr\/lyc-louis-payen\/the-comparative-and-the-superlative\/","title":{"rendered":"The comparative and the superlative"},"content":{"rendered":"

Tout d’abord, nous traiterons des adjectifs.<\/p>\n

Il faut, en premier lieu, distinguer 2 types d’adjectifs:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. les adjectifs courts: ils sont compos\u00e9s au maximum de deux syllabes: tous ceux compos\u00e9s d’1 syllabe et ceux compos\u00e9s de 2 syllabes termin\u00e9s par -y (happy<\/em>), -ow (narrow<\/em>), -le (noble<\/em>), -er (clever<\/em>)
    \nNotez que:
    \na) si un adjectif se termine par y<\/em>, ce dernier sera chang\u00e9 en i<\/em>: happy –> happi<\/strong>er
    \nb) lorsqu’un adjectif est termin\u00e9 par une seule consonne pr\u00e9c\u00e9d\u00e9e d’une seule voyelle (big, fat<\/em>), il faut doubler la consonne final: big –> bigg<\/strong>er –> the bigg<\/strong>est<\/li>\n
  2. les adjectifs longs: tous les autres.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Maintenant, voyons comment former leur comparatif et superlatif.<\/p>\n

    A. Le comparatif<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

    Rappel: Avec le comparatif, on fait une comparaison entre 2 choses ou 2 personnes.<\/p>\n

    I. Avec les adjectifs<\/span><\/p>\n

    Le comparatif de sup\u00e9riorit\u00e9<\/span><\/p>\n

    Avec un adjectif court: adjectif + -er + than (He’s happier than her.)<\/p>\n

    Avec un adjectif long: more + adjectif + than (She’s more intelligent than him.)<\/p>\n

    Le comparatif d’\u00e9galit\u00e9<\/span><\/p>\n

    Quelque soit l’adjectif: as + adjectif + as (She’s as rich\/intelligent as him.)<\/p>\n

    Le comparatif d’inf\u00e9riorit\u00e9<\/span><\/p>\n

    Quelque soit l’adjectif: less + adjectif + than (He is less rich\/intelligent than her.)<\/p>\n

    II. Avec les noms<\/span><\/p>\n

    Le comparatif de sup\u00e9riorit\u00e9<\/span><\/p>\n

    more + nom + than (She has more friends than me.)<\/p>\n

    Le comparatif d’\u00e9galit\u00e9<\/span><\/p>\n

    as much + nom singulier + than (They have as much money as me.)<\/p>\n

    as many + nom pluriel + than (They have as many friends as me.)<\/p>\n

    Le comparatif d’inf\u00e9riorit\u00e9<\/span><\/p>\n

    less + nom ind\u00e9nombrable + than (I have less money than him.)<\/p>\n

    fewer + nom d\u00e9nombrable + than (I have fewer friends than him.)<\/p>\n

    B. Le superlatif<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

    Rappel: Avec le superlatif, on compare une entit\u00e9 (objet ou personne) \u00e0 un groupe constitu\u00e9 de plus de 2 \u00e9l\u00e9ments.<\/p>\n

    I. Le superlatif de sup\u00e9riorit\u00e9<\/span><\/p>\n

    the + adj. court + (e)st<\/p>\n

    the most + adj. long<\/p>\n

    II. Le superlatif d’inf\u00e9riorit\u00e9<\/span><\/p>\n

    the least + adjectif\/adverbe (court ou long)<\/p>\n

    Exceptions:<\/span> certains adjectifs ou adverbes ont des formes de comparatif et de superlatif qui ne suivent pas la r\u00e8gle:<\/p>\n

    good, well –> better –> the best<\/p>\n

    bad, badly –> worse –> the worst<\/p>\n

    far –> farther –> the farthest (sens propre: + loin en distance)<\/p>\n

    –> further –> the furthest (sens figur\u00e9 = suppl\u00e9mentaire, de fa\u00e7on plus approfondie, davantage)<\/p>\n

    old –> elder –> the eldest (= l’ain\u00e9)<\/p>\n

    late –> the latter (= ce dernier: fait r\u00e9f\u00e9rence \u00e0 une personne ou une chose dont on vient de parler)<\/p>\n

    late –> the latest (= le tout dernier; ex.: the latest book by Dan Brown<\/p>\n

    little –> less –> the least<\/p>\n

    much –> more –> the most<\/p>\n

    Formes particuli\u00e8res:<\/span><\/p>\n

    – de plus en plus<\/em>: more and more + adj. long (Life is more and more expensive<\/em>); adj.-er and adj.-er (pour les adjectifs courts: She’s happier and happier<\/em>); more and more + nom (He has more and more money<\/em>); less and less + adjectif (They are less and less tired<\/em>); less and less + nom ind\u00e9nombrable (I have less and less time<\/em>); fewer and fewer + nom d\u00e9nombrable (He has fewer and fewer friends<\/em>)<\/p>\n

    – pour exprimer l’\u00e9volution d’une situation en parall\u00e8le (Plus il a de travail, plus il est fatigu\u00e9<\/em>), on utilisera the + comparatif<\/strong><\/p>\n

      \n
    • The more work I have, the more tired I am.<\/li>\n
    • The fewer friends he has, the sadder he is.<\/li>\n
    • etc…<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      Vous remarquerez que l’ordre des mots n’est pas le m\u00eame qu’en fran\u00e7ais: the + expression de comparaison + sujet + verbe<\/strong><\/p>\n

      – beaucoup plus<\/em>: much\/far\/a lot + adjectif (He’s much<\/strong> younger than me. She’s far<\/strong> more intelligent than him. This car is a lot <\/strong>cheaper.<\/em>)<\/p>\n

      – encore plus<\/em>: even + comparatif (It’s even colder today.)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      Tout d’abord, nous traiterons des adjectifs. Il faut, en premier lieu, distinguer 2 types d’adjectifs: les adjectifs courts: ils sont compos\u00e9s au maximum de deux syllabes: tous ceux compos\u00e9s d’1 syllabe et ceux compos\u00e9s de 2 syllabes termin\u00e9s par -y (happy), -ow (narrow), -le (noble), -er (clever) Notez que: a) si un adjectif se termine […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10422,"featured_media":20412,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-324","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-anglais"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/etab.ac-reunion.fr\/lyc-louis-payen\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/324","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/etab.ac-reunion.fr\/lyc-louis-payen\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/etab.ac-reunion.fr\/lyc-louis-payen\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/etab.ac-reunion.fr\/lyc-louis-payen\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/10422"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/etab.ac-reunion.fr\/lyc-louis-payen\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=324"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/etab.ac-reunion.fr\/lyc-louis-payen\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/324\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":20453,"href":"https:\/\/etab.ac-reunion.fr\/lyc-louis-payen\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/324\/revisions\/20453"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/etab.ac-reunion.fr\/lyc-louis-payen\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/20412"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/etab.ac-reunion.fr\/lyc-louis-payen\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=324"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/etab.ac-reunion.fr\/lyc-louis-payen\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=324"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/etab.ac-reunion.fr\/lyc-louis-payen\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=324"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}